John c



(No Model.)

J. C. TITUS.

BRICK 0R TILE MACHINE.

No. 450,201. PatentedApr. 14,1891.

lll/lill Inventor Witnesses mum )SDM QW s v IW W WYASY UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN C. TITUS, OF. NEW-V BREMEN, OHIO, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO THE NEV BREMEN MACHINE COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

BRICK OR TILE IVIACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N0. 450,201, dated April 14, 1891'. Application filed February 2, 1891. Serial No. 379,904. (No model.)

T @ZZ whom z'z may concern: rectly to the pug-shaft; N, the eccentric-rod; Be it known that l, JOHN C. TITUS, of` New O, the valve-stem; P, a bell-erank lever piv- Bremen, Auglaize county, Ohio, have inventoted to the plunger-chamber and having one ed certain new and useful Improvements in of its arms engaged by the eccentric-rod; Q, 55 Brick or Tile Machines, ot which the followa lever pivoted at one end to the valve-stem ing is a specification. and at the other end to the plunger, so that Thisinvention pertains to that class ot' brick regardless of other motions this lever may or tile machines in which the clay is forced have it will be oscillated as the plunger reout of a chamber through a die by the action ciprocates; R, a link connecting the second 6o 1o of aplunger; and the nature of the improvearm of the bell-crank lever with the lever ments will be readily understood from the' Q at an intermediate point in its length; following description, taken in connection S, a dash-pot cylinder shown as arranged with the accompanying drawings, in whichtandem to the pressure-cylinder; T, the pis- Figure l is a vertical longitudinal section ton of the dash-pot cylinder, connected with 65 i 5 of a machine exemplifying myimprovements, the plunger in the exemplitication by means and Fig 2 a horizontal section of the same. of a continuation of the piston-rod from the ln the drawings, A indicates the usual pressure-piston to the dash-pot piston, and U png-cylinder; B, the pug-shaftprovided with small passages through the dash-pot piston the usual wings in the pug -cylinder and placing the two ends of the dash-pot cylinder 7o 2o adapted to be rotated by any of the usual in communication with each other, these pasmeans; C, the plunger-chamber under the sages merely exemplifyingtheusual passages pug-mill and arranged to receive the clay leading from one side of the piston to the therefrom; D, the opening in the loor of the other, as usual, in such dash-pots, such pas' pug-mill through which the lclay goes from sages ordinarily finding their 'equivalent in a 75 the pug-mill to the plunger-chamber; E, the dash-pot piston fitted loose enough to permit die forming the end wall to the plungera certain amount of leakage past it or in an chamber and through which it is the duty of external conduit placing the two ends of the the plunger to force the clay to form the tile dash-pot cylinder in restricted communicaor brick, the intention being to employ any tion. Y 8o Y 3o desired or suitable or usual form of die; F, Assume the pug-mill to have more or less the usual feedwing on the pug-shaft for perfectly charged the plunger-chamber with urging the clay-out of the pug-mill in to the clay and that the plunger is stationary at the plunger-chamber; G, the plunger fitted to reback end of its stroke, as illustrated in Fig. 2. ciprocate in the plunger-chamber to and from As the pug-shaft rotates, the slide-valve will 8 5 the die and past the opening D, the exembe pulled to the left and steam will pass beplication showing this plunger as of skelehind the pressure-piston. The eccentric being ton-box form with a pug-shaft passing down pulled the valve opensthrough the medium of through it; H, the pressure-cylinder for steam the lever Q, which found astationary-fulcrum or Water or other pressure-Huid, this cylinder at its point of attachment to the plunger. 9o 4c being shown in the exemplitication as ar- Theplunger pressed bythe stealnin the pressranged tandem to the plunger-chamber; J ure-cylinder now moves to the left and shuts the piston of the pressure-cylinder; K, the oit opening D and presses the clay in the piSton-rodconnecting the pressure-piston and plunger-chamber and forces it through the the plunger; L, the valve of the pressure-cyldie. The continued rotation of the eccentric 95 inder, (shown as an ordinary slide-valve with will movethe valve the other way and the little or no lap,) the arrangement of pressure plunger will be retracted. In this way, as cylinder and valve being the same as in orthus far described, the plunger will make a dinary slide-valve steam-engines employing complete double stroke at each rot-ation of valves with little or no lap; M, an eccentric the pug-shaft; but it may be safely assumed ion 5o driven by the pug-shaft, the exempliiication that both the quantity and quality of the clay showing the eccentric as being secured diin the plunger-chamber is subject to great variation and that some charges of clay will require greater pressure than others. The provision is such that the pressure upon the clay is regulated entirely by the resistance offered by the clay in the plunger-chamber.

It has been stated that the eccentric, as it leaves the position indicated in Fig. 2, pulls the valve open to the left; but it does not pull it entirely open. As soon as the valve opens any distance whatever, then steam flows behind the piston and the plunger moves to the left. This is the case if the pressure thus flowing to the' piston is capable of moving the plunger against the resistance of the clay; but if it is not capable of moving it then the fnlcrum of .lever Q on the plunger remains a stationary one and the valve continuesto open as the eccentric advances, and consequentl y it may beinsured that the valve will continue to open so long as the plunger continues to remain stationary. If the plunger, instead ot' remaining stationary, advances to the left, the effect is to rock the lever Q on the link R as a fulcrum and to push the valve to the right and close it. The result is that eccentric rotation produces valve-opening and plunger movement produces valve-closure, these two movements modifying each other. I-Ience if the plunger moves two slowly or not at all, the valve will open wider and the plunger will receive more steam force, while if the plunger moves too fast it will automatically lessen the steam force which acts on it. Therefore the clay in the plunger-chamber will be acted on by a force controlled by its own resistance. If the clay in the plungerchamber is incapable of yielding to the maximum power of the pressure-cylinder, then of course the plunger will not move through its full stroke, but it will continue to reciprocate through such fraction of the stroke as is possible with the power available. The reasonable presumption is that the resist-ance offered by the clay to the advance of the plunger will increase as the plunger advances, at least during the early parts of the compressing-stroke; but if 'a machine should have stood for sometime unused it might be possible for the plunger to become stuck at or near the beginning of one of its strokes. In such case the plunger would by remaining stationary call for more steam, and might eventually secure a full valve-opening. This might break down the abnormal resistance and permit full steam-pressure to act during the completion of the stroke against an ordinary or even eX- tra light resistance before the valve would close. This might cause damage to the machine, and to guard against it I employ the dash-pot cylinder, which is to be filled with liquid, the liquid transferring itself from one end of the dash-pot cylinder to the other as the piston moves, the communication between the two ends of the dash-pot cylinder permitting the transfer to take place at normal piston speed without serious resistance, but the restricted passage producing an extraordi nary resistance when the piston seeks to move at extraordinary speed. In the abnormal case just mentioned the eXtra power of the pressure-cylinder would be checked byl ed to be continuously rotated, a lever connected with said valve and plunger, and an eccentric-rod connected with said eccentric and lever, whereby the rotation of the eccentric tends to move the valve in one direction and the movement of the plunger tends to move it in a reverse direction.

2. In a brick or tile machine, the combination, substantially as set forth, with a plunger-chamber, a plunger working therein, a die, and means for supplying the chamber with clay, of a pressure-cylinder, a piston therein connected with said plunger, a valve for the cylinder, a part adapted for continuous rotation, and connections between said continuously-rotating part and valve and plunger, whereby the admission of steam to said pist0n is controlled by the resistance offered by the clay in the plunger-chamber.

3. In a brick or tile machine, the combination, substantially as set forth, with a plunger-chamber, a plunger Working therein, a die, and means for supplying said chamberwith clay, of a pressure-cylinder, a piston therein connected with said plunger, a valve and valve-operating mechanism, a dash-pot cylinder, and a piston therein connected with said plunger so as to move therewith, said dashpot cylinder being provided with a restricted passage, placing its two ends in communication with each other.

GUsTAvn BonsEL, HENRY ScHwABERow.

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